Why Is Your Pool Pump Losing Pressure? Causes and Solutions
A well-functioning pool pump is the backbone of a clean, healthy swimming pool. It keeps water circulating, ensuring proper filtration, chemical distribution, and overall pool hygiene. But when the pump starts losing pressure, your pool’s water quality can quickly decline, leading to cloudy water, algae growth, and potential damage to pool equipment.
If you’ve noticed a drop in pool pump pressure, don’t ignore it. Identifying and resolving the issue early can prevent costly repairs and keep your pool in optimal condition. In this in-depth guide, we’ll explore the most common reasons for low pool pump pressure and provide practical solutions to restore proper functionality.
Understanding Pool Pump Pressure and Its Importance
Your pool pump operates by pulling water from the pool, passing it through the filtration system, and returning it as clean, sanitised water. The pressure within this system is measured in pounds per square inch (PSI), with a normal range typically falling between 10-25 PSI, depending on your specific setup.
A sudden drop in pressure indicates an obstruction or malfunction somewhere in the system, restricting water flow. Left unchecked, low pressure can lead to poor filtration, inefficient heating, and long-term damage to pool components.
Now, let’s examine the most common causes of low pool pump pressure and how to resolve them effectively.
Common Causes of Low Pool Pump Pressure and How to Fix Them
Clogged Skimmer or Pump Basket
The skimmer and pump baskets play a crucial role in trapping leaves, hair, and debris before water enters the pump. Over time, these baskets can become clogged, restricting water flow and causing a drop in pressure.
Solution:
- Turn off the pump and remove both the skimmer and pump baskets.
- Clean out any debris and rinse them thoroughly.
- Reinstall the baskets and check for improved pressure.
- Make it a habit to clean the baskets weekly to prevent future blockages.
Blockages in the Pool Plumbing
A partial or complete obstruction in the pool’s plumbing can significantly reduce water flow to the pump. Common culprits include:
- Accumulated debris such as leaves, dirt, or algae in the pipes.
- Small objects (e.g., pool toys, pebbles) lodged inside the plumbing.
- Use a plumbing snake or backwash the system to dislodge any debris.
- If the blockage persists, contact a pool professional to inspect the lines.
Air Leaks in the System
Your pool pump must be fully primed with water to operate efficiently. Air leaks in the system disrupt this process, causing erratic flow and low pressure.
Signs of an air leak:
- Bubbling water in the pool’s return jets.
- Air pockets are visible in the pump basket.
- Hissing sounds or difficulty priming the pump.
Solution:
- Inspect the pump lid O-ring for cracks or dryness and lubricate it if needed.
- Check all pump connections and fittings for loose or damaged seals.
- Tighten or replace any faulty components to restore proper suction.
A Dirty or Clogged Pool Filter
As the pool filter collects dirt, oils, and other contaminants, it can become clogged, restricting water flow and lowering pressure.
Solution:
- If you have a cartridge filter, remove and rinse it thoroughly. Replace if worn out.
- For sand or DE filters, perform a backwash to remove trapped debris.
- Clean or replace filters as recommended (typically every 4-6 weeks, depending on usage).
Low Water Level in the Pool
If the water level in your pool is too low, air can enter the system through the skimmer, causing a significant drop in pump pressure.
Solution:
- Maintain the water level at halfway up the skimmer opening at all times.
- Regularly check and top off water levels, especially in hot weather when evaporation is higher.
Malfunctioning or Worn-Out Pump Impeller
The impeller is a rotating component inside the pump that moves water through the system. Over time, it can become clogged with debris or wear down, reducing efficiency and causing pressure to drop.
Solution:
- Turn off the pump and disassemble the housing to inspect the impeller.
- Remove any debris or obstructions.
- If the impeller is damaged, replace it with a new one.
Incorrect Valve Positions
Many pool systems use valves to control water flow. If these valves are partially closed or incorrectly positioned, they can restrict flow and reduce pressure.
Solution:
- Ensure that all valves controlling the pump’s intake and return lines are fully open.
- Refer to your pool’s system manual for the correct valve settings.
Preventative Maintenance for Optimal Pool Pump Performance
Clean the Pool Filter Regularly
- Rinse cartridge filters every 4-6 weeks and replace as needed.
- Backwash sand and DE filters when pressure increases by 8-10 PSI above normal.
Inspect and Maintain Pump Components
- Check and tighten all pump fittings to prevent air leaks.
- Lubricate O-rings and replace them if cracked or worn.
Monitor Water Levels and Circulation
- Keep water levels consistent to prevent air from entering the system.
- Observe water movement to detect circulation problems early.
Clean Pump and Skimmer Baskets Weekly
- A simple 5-minute check can prevent major blockages and keep your system running smoothly.
Schedule Professional Maintenance Checks
A certified pool care expert, The One Pool Care, can perform comprehensive inspections to detect and resolve issues before they escalate.
When to Call a Professional for Pool Pump Repairs
If you’ve tried all troubleshooting steps and your pump still isn’t maintaining proper pressure, it may be time to seek professional assistance. Persistent low pressure can indicate
- A failing pump motor that needs repair or replacement.
- Cracks in underground plumbing are causing hidden leaks.
- A malfunctioning multiport valve affecting water flow.
Conclusion
A drop in pool pump pressure is more than just an inconvenience—it’s a warning sign that something in your system isn’t functioning correctly. Whether it’s a clogged filter, an air leak, or a malfunctioning component, addressing the issue promptly can save you time, money, and frustration.
By understanding the causes and solutions outlined in this guide, you can take proactive steps to maintain your pool’s circulation system, ensuring crystal-clear water and a trouble-free swimming experience all season long.
For expert assistance in diagnosing and repairing pool pump issues, The One Pool Care offers professional maintenance services to keep your pool in peak condition.